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A mortgage is one of the largest financial commitments most people make. Understanding how mortgage payments work helps you choose the right loan and save thousands over its lifetime.
Key Concepts
Amortization
Early payments go mostly toward interest, with the principal portion growing over time. Understanding this schedule helps you see the true cost of your loan.
Down Payment
A larger down payment reduces your loan amount, lowers monthly payments, and may help you avoid private mortgage insurance (PMI), typically required when paying less than 20% down.
Fixed vs. Variable Rate
Fixed-rate mortgages lock in your interest rate for the full term, offering predictability. Variable-rate mortgages may start lower but can fluctuate with the market.
Loan Term
Shorter terms (e.g. 15 years) have higher monthly payments but cost significantly less in total interest compared to longer terms (e.g. 30 years).
Practical Tips
Keep your total housing costs (mortgage, taxes, insurance) below 28% of your gross monthly income.
Compare offers from multiple lenders — even a 0.25% rate difference can save tens of thousands over the life of the loan.
Consider making extra payments toward principal when possible to shorten your loan term and reduce total interest.
Factor in closing costs, property taxes, insurance, and maintenance when budgeting for a home — the mortgage payment is only part of the total cost.
This content is for educational purposes only and does not constitute financial advice. Consult a qualified financial advisor or mortgage professional before making borrowing decisions.